The American people suffer from a low workforce participation rate, which artificially keeps the unemployment number low. The statisticians count them as having "left the labor pool" and so are not counted an unemployed. Instead of creating jobs for these people, these people are resorting to living at home and living off of food stamps. The number of people using food stamps has exploded under Obama.
Take that extra 5% and add it to the unemployment rate to see where we truly are.
We are also in a late stage in the economic cycle, with a recession liking coming soon. In the last 20 years, we've become a credit-driven society. That means the flow of credit is the single biggest factor in determining when recessions hit. Credit has a cycle. When you first recover from a recession, credit is still a little tight and many people are afraid to take on credit out of fear of more recession. The more time elapses without a recession, credit gets easier to acquire AND groups are less risk-averse, making it more likely credit is granted. The late stage of an economic cycle is marked by a surge in corporate mergers and acquisitions as a total loss of fear takes hold.
As you can see, mergers and acquisitions exploded just before the 2001 recession and again just before the 2008 recession. They exploded again in 2015, so experts agree a recession in 2017 is a serious threat.
But you may ask why mergers cause recessions? What is the correlation?
Here is the reason. Mergers can go wrong. When merger activity spikes, a LOT of mergers go wrong at once. But they don't go wrong immediately, it takes 1-2 years for the damage to hit. Company A buys Company B. But Company B turns out to be a terrible purchase, their revenue collapses, or costs spike, and it hurts Company A a year or two later. Mergers are financed by banks. When mergers go wrong, they can default on their bank loan. This now hurts the banks. The banks can repair their balance sheet by refusing to lend money. They take the money they might have lent out and use it to cover the cost of the bad loan. The upshot is that a spike in mergers means that many banks start tightening credit 1-2 years later. Presto! Recession!
When you see a lot of huge mergers like Verizon and Yahoo!, comcast and time warner, budweiser and some european brewing company, etc., its a sign a recession looms.
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President can easily affect the economy. A president can cut government regulations on business via executive order which can be a massive stimulus to growth. Obama could issue executive orders to either allow to ban the Keystone XL pipeline. Depending on how he rules, Obama can personally create or destroy thousands of high paying jobs and boost the economy by billions or not at all.
He absolutely has a VERY large effect on the economy.