Schools should teach young people about how to identify "fake news", says the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's education director.
Andreas Schleicher is planning to include questions about such "global competencies" in the next round of the influential international Pisa tests.
He wants teenagers to look beyond the social media "echo chamber", where they might hear only views like their own.
Students need more places to "exchange ideas", says Mr Schleicher.
The OECD aims to develop global policies focused on improving economic and social well-being.
Its education chief says schools need to equip young people with the skills needed to navigate the digital world, with unreliable claims on social media and falsified news.
"In the past, when you needed information, you went to an encyclopaedia... and you could trust that the information would be true," says Mr Schleicher,
But now he says young people go to Facebook or news websites and need to be able to evaluate what is reliable.
"Distinguishing what is true from what is not true is a critical judgement," says Mr Schleicher, who will be addressing the Global Education and Skills Forum in Dubai.
"Exposing fake news, being aware that there is something like fake news, that there is something that is not necessarily true, that you have to question, think critically - that's a very important task."
Mr Schleicher, who runs the international Pisa rankings, is going to introduce written tests in 2018 on global competency, which will assess how well young people are ready for a diverse and "interconnected world".