One, that's a silly, and very incorrect quote, especially used in the context of Darth Vader, because the force isn't technology, it's biology. Two, I don't know the exact details, but in universe Gandalf claimed that the ancient dragon Ancalagon The Black isn't powerful enough to destroy the ring by eating it. I believe he said it's possible that the most powerful dragons to ever exist could have melted it, but none of them are still alive to even try it. It's also been stated in the books that it can only be destroyed in mount doom. It's a statement the book made. I'm just saying what Tolkien wrote.
Even so it's a moot point. Even if Vader could destroy the ring, hell if he was standing right on the edge of mount doom, it wouldn't matter. The ring will corrupt anyone eventually, and anger, lust for power, and just evil in general fuel the ring's ability to corrupt. Darth Vader is a sith. Lust for power, and evil, is at the center of sith teachings.
Vader would never strike at the ring or its master. He would take one look at it, and his desire for it would be so strong he would become a servant of the ring instantly.
The very strength of the sith is precisely the reason why a sith could never beat Sauron. The stronger a sith is in the dark side, the more evil they are. The more evil they are, the faster the ring corrupts them. Sauron's ability to corrupt is also much stronger when he's directly attacking your mind with his sorcery.
The battle would never come to blows. Vader would look at him, and be paralyzed out of raw lust. Sauron would then hold out his hand, cast a single mind domination spell, and Vader would be his loyal servant forever. And even if Vader saw it coming he would make no attempt to stop it, and probably no attempt to resist it mentally.