Ok sticking with the assuming a 300s fight i tried to put some dps numbers to see which would knock out the most damage. I took 50k dps as a standard damage done with none of the spell power from the talents. (50k DPS is just a nice round number for math).
Invocation: 25 seconds spent casting is equal to 0dps, 275 seconds of 25% SP is equal to 50k + 25% = 62,500 DPS
So 62,500 * 275 = Total Damage 17,187,500
Rune of Power: 3 seconds spent casting is equal to 0dps, 297 seconds of 15% SP is equal to 50K + 15% = 57,500 DPS
So 57,500 * 297 = Total Damage 17,077,500
Incanter's Ward 6% Passive: Just using the passive 50k + 6% = 53,000 DPS
So 53,000 * 300 = Total Damage 15,900,000
Incanter's Ward 30% Shield: Assuming full absorb and kept on CD is equal to 180 seconds at 30% SP that is 50k + 30% = 65,000 DPS, and 120 seconds at 0% SP which is 50k DPS.
So (180 * 65000) + (120 * 50000) = Total Damage of 17,700,000
If you take the total damage number only you can see that under PERFECT conditions they are around about the same (the 6% passive calculations are only there because it was mentioned in the OP and it is not good to use). We mages basically have to pick the talent to fit the boss we are faceing. Lets face the fact that getting Incanter's Ward to work with the full absorb every CD is not going to happen and its pretty much a PVP talent choice.
Between Invocation and Rune of Power we have two things to consider the first is the boss we are faceing do we have time to channel Invocation or do we need to move a lot and have well placed Runes ready to stand on. The second is MANA and how will the talent you pick affect your mana. What ever the case cant wait to hit 90