Well, that's not exactly what I meant... I feel that my original post is too big and ambiguous, but I just can't write short posts, so sorry if there is some misunderstanding.
I would love a game with as much theory as possible. But I would also love if this theory wasn't meant to be just memorized, but rather experienced on practice. In Chess, there are millions of opening variations you need just to memorize, as there is no way you will understand each of them and experience on practice in many games in 1000 lifetimes. This is because there are too many possible variations in Chess: the game is complex from this point of view, and that's why I originally asked for games with as simple rules as possible.
I would prefer a game with less variations but bigger depth of each of them. In Poker, I believe, you have always 2-3 possible actions, and that's it. So on a high level every one of these actions is full of depth. You don't memorize millions of variations in Poker because there are none such, but instead you work on a deep beyond deep theory behind each of these actions. Your learning is mostly about general sense of the game.
Really, what could you possibly memorize, say, about Photon Cycles (here is a video from one of the tournaments: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DtcU5t84sH0)? Every game is completely fresh and new, there are no "builds", "openings" and such - and, yet, there is a lot to master, tricks to polish, situations to train to get out of, and so on. I'm looking for something similar, although, maybe, not THAT simplistic.