Originally Posted by
eschatological
Read the classics. They're classics for a reason.
And then read the Russians, if you're into character studies and not so much into plot. The Idiot by Dostoevsky is my favorite book, followed by his The Brothers Karamazov, which used to be my favorite book until I read the Idiot. After the Russians, go to the Germans like Kafka and Goethe (two wildly different authors), and then some of the French like Sartre. Honestly, literature for me ended at James Joyce, and T.S. Eliot, I haven't really read anything since then that I've enjoyed in the "modern literature" genre. Maybe I just dislike the "post-modern" genre, and yearn for the older days of "modern," who knows. Of course, genres like fantasy and science-fiction have exploded since World War II.
Honestly, I don't know why more people don't read Dostoevsky. Maybe it's different in Europe, but in America, if you talk about Dostoevsky as the greatest author ever, they look at you strangely like you might be a closet Communist, and then say something horrific like "What about Mark Twain or John Steinbeck?" Jesus. Steinbeck was okay, but Twain doesn't rate much beyond a folklorist, in my opinion. But they're Americans, so they must be the best, right?
If you want more modern stuff in the "literary fiction" category, I'd go for books by Italo Calvino, Dom DeLillo, Milan Kundera's The Unbearable Lightness of Being (imo one of the best books of the past half century, 30 years old this year), Gabriel Garcia Marquez. I like Paulo Coehlo as well, but it's an acquired taste for some. Andre Dubus is a masterful short story writer as well.