There are some addons that communicate info back and forth between each other, but nothing that i am aware of that will tell you what OTHER addons other people are running.
Nothing that can query specifically what they are using.
If you are interested in whether or not they are using something specific, then some addons will have their own query to which others running them will respond do.
Boss mods in particular do that.
It is possible to also monitor addon communication though is reliant on the addon actually communicating over those channels.