Originally Posted by
Zeuq
Capital punishment isn't a matter of revenge, it's a matter of justice, it's about establishment of balance, or as close to it as can be done. To that end, justice means giving a punishment that is equitable to the crime by forfeiture of certain rights that society deems to be a reasonably fair trade. The logic for this is simple. If we punish less severely than the rights violated, we create an incentive for crime as the criminal will give up less than he has taken; no criminal should profit from his crimes. On the other hand, if we over punish, we create a debt on the side of society by unduly infringing the rights of individuals; an extreme example perhaps, but not unlike chopping the hand off of a thief. To this end, society will usually turn to imprisonment or fines (rights of freedom or property) as punishment for most crimes and they will be forfeited in larger amounts for more serious crimes. The issue arises when the right to life is violated. The thing is, the right to life is by far the most valuable of all rights because all other rights are meaningless. As such, it is impossible to forfeit an equitable amount of other rights as a just punishment for taking the life of another. Therefore, the only just punishment for taking another persons life is forfeiture of one's own life. Any society that truly counts justice as among its virtues must have capital punishment; however, that doesn't mean it is necessary, some societies may value compassion, rehabilitation, or various other virtues as more important and use those as reason not to implement it.
Regardless, using any form of justice, whether capital punishment, corporal punishment, life imprisonment, or whatever should never be a source of satisfaction for society. It's easy to see a heinous crime and want to see that person pay the price, but justice must remain a passionless process or we run the risk of defeating the very grounds of balance and equity upon which that virtue is based.