The decision was biased against Verstappen because it wasn't consistent with their decisions throughout the weekend, it had not been enforced up until that point and his line was not faster than the standard line, it just looks like he took avoiding action mid pass and went over the kerbs... For sure you can see why he got penalised, that is clear, it's just not following any consistency.
F1 is regularly like that though, very little consistency when it comes to track limit enforcement.. Verstappen was the victim of a subjective decision to enforce a rule that could have easily gone the other way.
Same as Verstappen, 4 tyres over the white line, you need to have some rubber still on the racing surface (within the white line).. Of course the way they enforce this in F1 is very loose.