Fact check: No evidence defunding police to blame for homicide increases, experts say
The claim: 12 major cities led by Democratic mayors broke homicide records in 2021, a result of trying to defund the police
Some conservative commentators on social media are blaming the "defund the police" movement for a recent spike in homicide rates.
"12 major cities broke homicide records this year," reads text in a Dec. 16 Facebook post from a page called The Proud Republicans. "They are ALL led by Democrat mayors. This is what happens when you try to 'defund the police.'"
The post, which conservative content creator Benny Johnson originally tweeted Dec. 15, racked up more than 700 shares within two weeks. Similar claims have accumulated thousands of additional interactions on Facebook and Instagram, according to CrowdTangle, a social media insights tool.
Between 2019 and 2020, the U.S. recorded its highest increase in the national homicide rate in modern history. And in 2021, 12 cities did break their annual homicide records.
However,
most of those cities did not substantively cut their 2021 police spending as part of a defunding initiative. While it's too soon to say for sure,
experts told USA TODAY a combination of social unrest, rising firearm sales, economic stress and other pandemic-related factors could be behind the spike in homicides.
"In a nutshell, there doesn’t appear to be evidence that the defunding movement has caused violent crime increases,"
David Carter, a criminal justice professor at Michigan State University, said in an email.
Not all cities defunded police.
The reports indeed identify the 12 cities as Albuquerque, New Mexico; Austin, Texas; Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Columbus; Indianapolis; Louisville, Kentucky; Philadelphia; Portland, Oregon; Rochester, New York; St. Paul, Minnesota; Toledo, Ohio and Tucson, Arizona.
But the blame here is misplaced –
most of those cities did not substantively cut their 2021 police spending as part of a defunding initiative.
Defunding the police generally means taking money away from police departments and, in many cases, reallocating it to social programs or other city initiatives. The movement grew in 2020 after the murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin sparked nationwide protests.
Portland was among the first cities to defund its police department. In June 2020, the city cut $15 million from its police budget for the following fiscal year.
While some of the cities that hit homicide records in 2021 followed suit, others did not commit to defunding initiatives.
Several actually increased funding for the police.
"Many – most – large cities have Democrat mayors," Ken Novak, a professor of criminal justice and criminology at the University of Missouri-Kansas City, said in an email. "There are many cities with Democrat mayors that are not on this list,
so to suggest there is a ‘cause and effect’ is pretty irresponsible."