The fastest way I've found to progress is go either mid/jungle/support. ADC is too shitty if your team doesn't support you and top you're too far way to help anything.
As MID you want to play a pusher which will make the jungler have to keep coming to your lane which will reduce the stress on your other lanes. Also if the mid turret strat wise is worth more than the outer turrets. Also you will want to before the game pick a lane that you're going to gank over and over. I usually pick top you have a less chance of dying in a 2v1 vs a 3v2.
As a jungle you can pressure the shit out of any lane you want. The more pressure you put in a lane the better. It's good to pick jungles you can clear fast and are durable.
As a support you can carry your ADC. If they are shit then just support either top or mid. I've played many games where I just left the adc cause they had no idea what they are doing and gone mid and we won.