Eleven countries have jointly called on the Chinese government to investigate reports of torture against human rights lawyers and urged Beijing to abandon a controversial detention system that holds suspects in secret locations for months at a time.
The unusually direct criticism comes in a letter from the Chinese diplomatic missions of the signatory countries, including Canada, that expresses “growing concern over recent claims of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in cases concerning detained human rights lawyers and other human rights defenders.”
The signatories call for China to end the practice of “residential surveillance at a designated place,” a Chinese form of pretrial custody for sensitive cases that allows suspects to be held for up to six months, often without families or lawyers being told where they are.
Residential surveillance amounts to “incommunicado detention in secret places, putting detainees at a high risk of torture or ill-treatment,” the letter states. China should, it says, remove all suspects from residential surveillance and repeal enabling legislation.
“Detaining people without any contact with the outside world for long periods of time is contrary to China’s international human rights obligations,” the letter says.
It calls for a prompt and independent investigation into “credible claims of torture” against lawyers Xie Yang, Li Heping, Wang Quanzhang and Li Chunfu, as well as activist Wu Gan.
Under Xi Jinping, Chinese authorities have waged what critics have called a war on civil society, detaining and arresting labour activists, women’s rights campaigners and human rights defenders. Hundreds of human rights activists and lawyers have been questioned and detained, Amnesty International has said.
Mr. Xie has told his lawyers he was punched, kicked and kneed by interrogators who threatened: “I’m going to torment you until you go insane.” Authorities used electric shocks to torture Li Heping and Mr. Wang, their wives were told. Family members of Li Chunfu said 500 days of secret detention left him with a mind that was “shattered.” Wu Gan has said he was not allowed to sleep for several days and nights.
The Globe and Mail obtained a copy of the Feb. 27 letter, which has not been made public. It was addressed to Guo Shengkun, China’s Minister of Public Security. It was signed by ambassadors and chargés d’affaires from Australia, Canada, Japan and Switzerland, along with seven European Union member countries: Belgium, the Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
Neither China’s public security ministry nor its foreign ministry responded to requests for comment on Monday.
“Canada raises human rights with our Chinese counterparts regularly, using a variety of methods,” an embassy spokesperson said in a statement. “Sometimes it is public, but often these issues are best raised privately, where we can have a frank discussion.” The Japanese embassy declined comment, since the letter was sent through a diplomatic channel. The German embassy said it is “not in a position to comment.”
Joint action is often the most effective way to pressure China, human rights advocates say.
“Beijing always hears a clearer and firmer message when it’s delivered by multiple governments,” said Sophie Richardson, China director for Human Rights Watch. The issuance of joint letters is “a strong indication of the widespread concern about human rights erosions in China today.”
Shortly after the letter was sent, Chinese government-controlled media published a week-long series of articles and social media posts lashing out at what People’s Daily called “FAKE NEWS” in Western media reports on the torture of Mr. Xie, the human rights lawyer. State-run news agency Xinhua called Mr. Xie’s accusations of mistreatment “nothing but cleverly orchestrated lies” orchestrated by a legal team “aiming to cater to the tastes of Western institutions and media organizations and to use public opinion to pressure police and smear the Chinese government.”