Net migration is too high, Rishi Sunak has said, after data confirmed levels hit a new record high last year.
Immigration saw the country's overall population increase by 606,000 in 2022, according to the Office for National Statistics (ONS).
More people from outside the EU arriving on student and work visas, as well as the Ukraine and Hong Kong schemes, all contributed, the ONS said.
The PM insisted that migration was not out of control.
But after more than a decade of Conservative-led governments promising to reduce numbers, the figures represent a political challenge for Mr Sunak.
Under then Conservative prime minister David Cameron, the Tories pledged to get net migration below 100,000, and the party's 2019 manifesto also committed to getting the rate down, without setting a specific target.
Now the ONS has confirmed that in 2022, an estimated 1.2 million people arrived in the UK, while 557,000 left in the same period.
Net migration, the difference between those two figures, stood at 606,000 - an increase of 164,000 on 2021's total.
Reacting to the data, the PM told ITV's This Morning: "Numbers are too high, it's as simple as that. And I want to bring them down."
Asked whether immigration was out of control, Mr Sunak replied: "Well, no, I think the numbers are just too high."
The PM said measures to tighten visa rules for overseas students which were put in place this week were "significant" and would bring levels down over time.
In a bid to drive down net migration, from next year, only those on post-graduate research programmes will be able to bring their families to the UK.
On Thursday, the ONS said that of the 925,000 non-EU nationals who came to the UK in 2022, almost 40% arrived on student visas - but it added that students "typically" don't stay long term, and the majority leave when their courses end.
The Russell Group, which represents many of the country's top universities, has raised concerns that the plans will impact their ability to attract the "vital income" international students inject into the British higher education system.
The second biggest driver of the 2022 increase was the number of work-related arrivals from outside the EU, which nearly doubled from 137,000 to 235,000 in the space of a year.
Net migration continues to increase despite Brexit: more EU nationals left the UK last year (202,000) than arrived (151,000), the ONS said.
Resettlement schemes triggered by what the ONS called "unprecedented world events" were the third biggest driver of the increase.
The number of non-EU nationals who arrived in the UK via humanitarian routes rose from 9% to 19% in 2022.
Among them were 114,000 Ukrainians, and 52,000 Hong Kong citizens who were offered a special visa scheme created after China imposed a national security law in the former British colony.