The reconstructed cockpit of the crashed aircraft of flight MH17
Employees of a Russian troll army have blamed Ukraine in more than 65,000 tweets in 2014 in the two days after taking down flight MH17 in 2014. After analyzing 9 million tweets,
De Groene Amsterdammer writes that the Internet Research Agency in St. Petersburg was much more active than previously reported.
The international investigation by the Joint Investigation Team (JIT) revealed that on 17 July 2014 the Boeing 777 of Malaysia Airlines was shot down over a Ukrainian village by a Buk rocket from a brigade of the Russian army in Kursk. All 298 passengers were killed.
Campaign
After knocking down a centrally coordinated, aggressive disinformation campaign started, de Groene writes. Various theories were launched in pro-Russian media that had to clear Russia. The agency in St Petersburg was also deployed, specializing in influencing discussions on social media.
At first the trolls didn't seem to know exactly what was going on. For example, they wrote that the pro-Russian separatists had brought down a Ukrainian plane.
Three hashtags
Only the next morning did the message become unambiguous that the Ukrainian army had shot down the Malaysian plane. "Around eleven o'clock in the morning the trolls launched three hashtags: #KievheeftBoeingneer Shot, #KievProvocation and #Kievspreekdewheidheid", writes De Groene.
That day, July 18, the agency sent out 40,931 tweets with one of these hashtags. The following day another 24,844 followed. July 18, 2014 was also the busiest day ever in the agency's existence, according to De Groene.
Trolls are often fake accounts on social media that are used to sow unrest and disrupt discussions with misleading messages. The accounts can be automated and can be used with many at the same time. This can create the illusion that a large number of people get excited about social issues on social media.
After July 19, it stopped abruptly. Flight MH17 was still written, but not nearly as many and not with the same hashtags. De Groene does not have an explanation for this.
It is also striking that the trolls wrote their messages themselves, the vast majority of which were in Russian. In previous campaigns they forwarded tweets with extreme views or copied them to send from their own account.
More than 65,000 tweets is considerably more than the 1,400 tweets that were previously written about. That study looked at how often the term 'MH17' was used in the tweets of more than 3800 troll accounts from St Petersburg.
Twitter activity of Russian trolls from January 2013 to June 2018. The most tweeted was after the crash of flight MH17. More than during the US presidential election.
The Dutch journalist and Russia expert Hubert Smeets quotes a tweet from the Attorney General of Crimea annexed by Russia. She tweets two weeks before the MH17 disaster that a BUK rocket installation is on its way to the rebels. The tweet was deleted shortly thereafter.