A proportionate and meaningful US military "punitive campaign" would involve vastly more resources than the US is even close to mobilizing. It'll need three carriers. It'll need it's entire B-2 bomber force. It'll need probably around 400 tomahawk cruise missiles. If it does it by air and sea, it'll never be sure it destroyed the program. if it sends a incursion force in and out, it would need tens of thousands troops to go into Iran and between 100,000 and 200,000 troops to support them in the region. And an invasion? An invasion of a country the size of Iran with the purpose of destroying the regime would take a force on the scale of the 1991 Gulf War.
It's just that, we're not seeing assets and people dramatically retasked. Hell half the B-1B bomber fleet is cut open for upgrades at the moment.
I'd start worrying if Trump were to order two carriers currently doing training near the US to head to the region and the US started to preposition a mix of 100+ F-15Cs and F-22s, plus several dozen B-52s, in the region. It's not close to doing that.
This is a meaningful discussion because Iran would be a kind of idealized "test case" for one of the major transformative initiatives of the post-Gulf War era, which is to make the US military (namely the US Army in particular) extremely rapidly deployable. The Gulf War build up in 1990 took about a year and change. The Iraq War build up in 2002/2003 took about 6 months. The US is geographically isolated and the heaviest hardware must be transported in large numbers via cargo ship. This includes the stuff designed to support aircraft as well (like the collapsible/transportable climate controlled hangars for F-22s and B-2s).
The focus on mobility since 1992 has a goal of eventually making it so the US can send rapidly respond with a small force anywhere in the world within 48-72 hours, but a very large force in 2-3 weeks. You may remember the "Future Combat System", that was going to replace almost every Army vehicle last decade? It was built entirely around this concept. How close are they to achieving that ambition? A lot closer than they were in 2003, but not there yet. Not by a long shot. In fact, one of the big procurement programs spinning up right now is a massive replacement programs for Naval logistics ships because the vintage 1970s ones are aging out.
This is all a really overly detailed way of saying that the US military would needs months and months to send what it needs to into the region to take on Iran. How many months? Probably three to six or so based on what I read. What we've seen so far isn't even a foundation. It's like saying you're going to build a mansion on an empty plot of land by pitching a tent you bought at Walmart for $22.