Radeon XYZ0
X - Generation
Y - Performance Class - For the 6000 series, 9 was dual GPU, 8 was enthusiast, 7 was mainstream. For the 7000 series, 7990 is dual GPU, the rest of the 9s are enthusiast, 8 is mainstream, the 7 is lower tier.
Z - Binning
You're compare the enthusiast level 6870 with the lower tier mainstrem card 7770.
Nvidia XY0 Z
X - Generation
Y - Performance Class - 9 is Dual GPU, 8 is enthusiast, 7 and 6 are performance, 5 and below is mainstream.
Z - Modifier (Ti, Se, etc) - Ti is better than no modifier, Se is worse than no modifier
You can use
http://www.anandtech.com/bench/GPU12/372 to compare graphics cards. For uncommon (non-gamer) cards, you can use
www.videocardbenchmark.net as a quick and dirty way to gauge the performance with less accuracy.