The factor you describe in #1 is not a requirement. You generally know, because they want to attract attention to their company/product/movement. But conversely, if they won't identify that, maybe you should engage your critical thinking and ask why not?
This is an issue that's solved by the audience being critical rather than witless and easily-led sheep.
Citizens United was an issue with corporate campaign spending, and my issue was with how it biased politicians to corporate interests in a corruptive manner. I took issue with their description that money was essentially, itself, speech.
That said money could be used to broadcast speech is not something I have ever had any real problem with. Nor have most people. Hence my comparison to advertising campaigns and the like. If you want to write a book about how much you hate bananas, and self-publish it, and hand out copies for free, why should I have an issue with you spending your money on your anti-banana campaign?