Steins;Gate was originally a visual novel, it later got an anime adaptation (a good one). Later, a sequel (of sorts) VN was released, called Steins;Gate 0 - it also got an anime adaptation.
Those are both the core canon of the series - what you watched was an anime-only sequel to the anime series (and probably non-canon), that was made before the canon sequel VN. It's not a bad watch, I'd encourage anyone who's watched/read the rest to see it - but it's definitely the last thing someone ought to watch, not the first.
If you're not averse to trying a VN, I recommend reading the Steins;Gate visual novel to start with - it's on steam. The anime adaptation is also good, though, so feel free to watch that instead. I'm pretty sure it's on netflix.