The First Amendment is about protecting one's right to speak freely from being unjustly infringed upon by government (not just to "protect you from speaking out against the government"). The "limitations" are more about the resulting consequences of that speech. For example, in the case of slander, speech is used with the intent of causing harm to one's reputation or livelihood. You can't yell "FIRE" in a crowded theater because it would cause panic and possible cause physical harm to others. Being insulted is localized to an emotion response, so no, you do not technically have the right to not be insulted or offended.
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Actually, I did. But my comment is directed at your last comment. There is no relevant correlation to any other post.