A new study has found that more girls experience negative emotions about mathematics that results in “mathematics anxiety.”
“Analysis revealed that girls’ mathematics anxiety was not related to the level of their mothers’ engagement in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) careers, nor was it related to gender equality in the countries we studied.
“In fact, the gender difference in mathematics anxiety was larger in more gender-equal and developed countries. In more developed countries, boys’ and girls’ mathematics performance was higher and their mathematics anxiety was lower, but this pattern was stronger for boys than for girls.”
According to the study, in 59 percent of the countries analyzed, gender anxiety differences are more than twice the magnitude of gender differences in mathematics performance, indicating that factors other than performance are resulting in higher mathematics anxiety in girls than boys.
Altogether, the study highlights the complexity of the gender differences in mathematics performance and anxiety, Geary said.
The study also analyzed the possible role of parental views on the value and importance of mathematics for their daughters and sons. That analysis found that, in contrast with what many believe, p
arents in more developed countries placed a stronger emphasis on the mathematical development of their sons than their daughters. This was despite the fact that more developed countries actually have larger proportions of mothers working in the STEM sector.
“Policies to attract more girls and women into subjects such as computer science, physics, and engineering have largely failed,” said Dr. Gijsbert Stoet, a reader in psychology at the University of Glasgow and a co-author of the study.
“Gender equality is a key humanistic value in enlightened and developed societies, but our research shows that policymakers cannot rely on it as the sole factor in getting more girls into subjects like physics and computer science. It is fair to say that nobody knows what will actually attract more girls into these subjects. Policies and programs to change the gender balance in non-organic STEM subjects have just not worked.”