Test it. Make it happen and then right click on desktop and click refresh. If that fixes the issue it's one of a few things:
Corrupted user profile.
Malware or installed program interfering with explorer refresh.
If it persists, create a new user profile from the control panel. Test it there. If it's happening there, it's essentially malware or another installed program interfering.
Test boot into safe mode to see if does it there.
If it's happening in the new user account, and in safe mode, something's really messed up with your explorer/registry that probably requires a windows repair/reinstall.
If it's happening in the new user account and not in safe mode, run Malwarebytes.
If it's not happening in a new user account, you probably want to recreate a new user account to solve the corruption.
Explanation of how you save all your important stuffs and recreate a new user account.