If you incite hate speech in Europe, if you were to say things like "jews control the media" and a mob would act on it you would be held accountable for said words.
Glorification of the nazi regime is also punishable by law and for good reason, but banning alone does not work that's why parallel to the ban we also get educated by it in school and we visit prison camps from said regime which are all over Europe.
And this brings another painful issue to the surface in the US, your education system is such a mess. Local politicians should never be allowed without federal approval from a dedicated education board about what the school programming is. You can force this change by making a federal fund for this, what would also in the long run deal with the issue of public schools being underfunded.
The freedom to do just about anything without any consequences is an non-workable concept. You already have hate speech laws in the US.
Also the whole amendment is grossly outdated and missing dozens of revisions. What is another root issue in American politics and believes as it's based of notions that are 200 years old. It was never intended to be treated as a bible and even the bible has had many revisions over the time it was out.
In short the more you think about this the more issues you run into, not so much about the "freedoms" which are used as a carrot in front of people to accept all short of shit that's not good for them. But a long spree of deregulation and complicated bureaucratic systems that are inefficient and no longer serve the people.
To come back to education, elsewhere in the Western world the notion that your public schools are not good enough if not flat out bad for the education of your children would simply not be tolerated, let alone be accepted.