A good example might be some of Sparkkugs' warlock guides from late mop. These cover all the usual parts mentioned above, but then they explain, almost in too much detail (bah no such thing as too much detail...) the rotation, how it changes for additional targets, snapshotting, the opener, movement and so on. Its been a while since ive checked them so my memory might be a bit different to reality, but you get the idea.
There's no real 5.4 disc guides featured here, but we've all seen them before, there's plenty of them out there. Generally they all addressed the talents, the better ones would even talk about which level 90 to use in what encounter type. Most would talk about stats, geming and reforing and enchanting, a really decent one might mention spirit, mana regen and the t45 talents. Most would discuss or at least overview the various abilities (Heal, Flash Heal, Greater Heal, PoH, PoM, PW:S, Spirit Shell, the t90 if it wasnt covered in the talent, the better ones would mention archangel). As someone who was halfway through writing a disc guide before I realized it was so late in the peace that there was no real point in finishing it (I still might just cause reasons), I can say with pretty good confidence that very, very few guides talked about the significance of being an absorb spec, when and why to use spirit shell, very few actually explained just how important the t90 talents are, hardly any at all talked about the place of atonement and many that did mention it got it wrong (*cough icyveins, cough*).
I cant remember reading any that talked in detail about timing archangel, when to hold on to it and why and how long in order to maintain as much uptime as possible. I dont think I saw a single guide that talked about targeting adds for increased tof uptime. I didnt see any that talked about what to spend most of your time doing and what a typical log/recount should look like. I'm getting carried away now, but you get the point.
I can't really comment on shadow or holy guides that much, but one thing I will say about shadow, when I was looking for some shadow guides to improve my off-spec performance, I couldnt ever find one that talked about shapshotting in any useful detail. Obviously snapshotting is a big deal for shadow, but newcomers to the spec or game might not know that, or even how it works. At the time I had a vague comprehension of it, but not nearly enough to make use of it, and having had very little opportunity to play my off-spec, im still pretty foggy on the finer details of shadow. Other things too, like the details around the priority during insanity and you have things like SWD, MB procs, refreshing dots, priority when there are multiple targets, priority during insanity when there are multiple targets and you have SWD, MB procs, trink procs, dots to refresh. I still don't know if tof snapshots, and I dont know things like are haste procs more important than int procs, if you snapshot one and then the other happens but the first proc has ended, do you refresh or not?
Well, I guess i should have probably just gotten affdots for shadow, but these are still things important enough to be in a guide, and yet I didnt see it mentioned(doesnt mean there arent any guides that talk about it, just that the ones I read didnt).